Chapter 1: Sustainable Development and Financing for Development
Action 3. We will end hunger and eliminate food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition
Indicator
Target
Baseline: Sept 2024 Data Summary
Most Recently Reported Data
Progress
Sub-Action (a) Support countries and communities affected by food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition through coordinated action.
Number of points in FAO Food Supply Index, a measure of monthly change in international prices of a basket of food commodities
100 points is considered a benchmark for a positive food price rate
As of Sept. 2024, the FAO Food Price Index, a measure of monthly change in international prices of a basket of food commodities, was 124.6 points
As of Feb. 2026, the FAO Food Price Index increased 0.9% to
125.3 points.
Minimal Progress
Sub-Action (b) Assist countries in debt distress to manage volatility in international food markets.
SDG Indicator 12.1.1 Number of countries developing, adopting or implementing policy instruments aimed at supporting the shift to sustainable consumption and production
SDG Target 12 Implement the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns, all countries taking action, with developed countries taking the lead, taking into account the development and capabilities of developing countries
From 2019 to 2023, 63 Member States recorded 516 policy instruments related to sustainable consumption and production.
As of Apr. 2025, 71 countries
recorded 530 policy
instruments related to
sustainable consumption and
production.
Substantive Progress
Sub-Action (c) Promote equitable, resilient, inclusive and sustainable agrifood systems so that everyone has access to safe, affordable, sufficient and nutritious food.
SDG Indicator 2.4.1
Proportion of agricultural
area under productive and
sustainable agriculture
SDG Target 2.4 By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality
As of 2024, the world is at moderate achievement in productive and sustainable agriculture with a score of 3.4 out of 5 (on a scale from 1 to 5, 1 meaning deterioration away from productive and sustainable agriculture and 5 meaning substantive improvement toward productive and sustainable agriculture).
As of 2025, there was a slight
decline to 3.3 out of 5.
No Progress
Action 4. We will close the Sustainable Development Goal financing gap in developing countries.
Indicator
Target
Baseline: Sept 2024 Data Summary
Most Recently Reported Data
Progress
Sub-Action (f) Create a more enabling environment at the global, regional and national levels to increase the mobilization of domestic resources and enhance the capacities, institutions and systems of developing countries at all levels to achieve this goal, including through international support, to increase investment in sustainable development.
SDG Indicator 17.1.1 Total government revenue as a proportion of GDP, by source
SDG Target 17.1 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection
As of 2024, the average overall taxation
rate among advanced economies was 26%
of GDP, while the “fiscal burden” was 36%.
Most countries’ grant revenue is 3% of
GDP, with some outliers.
As of 2025, among advanced economies, the average overall rate of taxation is 25% of GDP, while the “fiscal burden” is 36%.
No Progress
SDG Indicator 17.1.2 Proportion of domestic budget funded by domestic taxes
SDG Target 17.1 Strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through international support to developing countries, to improve domestic capacity for tax and other revenue collection
As of 2024, following the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of government expenditure funded by taxes in 130 countries sharply declined from the previous year, due in part to increased spending on policy measures combined with a decrease in tax revenues. This sharp decline was later reversed, although not completely, in the following years.
As of May 2026, fiscal redistribution has increased slightly in all country groups, following the trend since COVID-19.
Minimal Progress
Action 5. We will ensure that the multilateral trading system continues to be an engine for sustainable development.
Indicator
Target
Baseline: Sept 2024 Data Summary
Most Recently Reported Data
Progress
Sub-Action (c) Facilitate accession to the World Trade Organization especially for developing countries, and promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.
# of WTO graduating
status of LDC’s
Increase in # of graduating LDC’s
A total of 8 countries have graduated from LDC status: Botswana (1994), Cabo Verde (2007), Maldives (2011), Samoa (2014), Equatorial Guinea (2017), Vanuatu (2020), Bhutan (2023), and São Tomé and Príncipe (2024).
As of 2025, 44 more countries are on the path to graduation, while the core 8 graduates remain the same.
Minimal Progress
% of Trade Facilitation Agreements (TFA) implemented
Increase in Trade Facilitation Agreement ratifications
As of 2024, 160 WTO members ratified
the TFA.
As of 2025, there was one more ratification, making the total 161
countries.
Minimal Progress
Action 10. We will accelerate our efforts to restore, protect, conserve and sustainably use the environment
Indicator
Target
Baseline: Sept 2024 Data Summary
Most Recently Reported Data
Progress
Sub-Action (d) Accelerate efforts to address the pollution of air, land and soil, fresh water and the ocean, including the sound management of chemicals, and work towards the conclusion of an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment, with the ambition of completing negotiations by the end of 2024.
SDG Indicator 13.2.2 Total greenhouse emissions (GHG) per year
SDG Target 13.2 Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and plannin
In 2024, global GHG emissions reached 53.2 gigatons of Carbon Dioxide equivalent CO₂, an increase of 1.3%.
As of Jan. 2026, GHG emissions totaled 5.3 billion tons CO₂e, an increase of 0.3% compared to Jan. 2025.
No Progress